Introduction In the field of cancer research, many advancements have been made over the last decade through studies of the tumor microenvironment. Tumor sample tissues are characterised by a significant spatial heterogeneity associated with biological complexity. Multiplexed immunofluorescence (IF) staining plays a crucial role allowing simultaneous visualization of multiple biomarkers to identify cell types, understand…
Plants are ideal organisms in the studying of cell functions and organization. In comparison to an animal model, plants are easy to growth and manipulate.
Fluorescence immunostaining techniques on cultured cells or individual cells help to follow the protein expression and activity changes by targeting specific antigens with fluorescence-labelled antibodies.
Using fluorescence-labelled antibodies against specific antigens make it possible to highlight the presence of a molecule of interest directly within a tissue section.
Protein detection by fluorescence-labelled antibodies on tissue sections is a widely used technique for the biomarker screening in complex diseases such as cancer to define biomarker expression on tumor cells and its distribution on a defined tissue.
Protein detection by fluorescence-labelled antibodies on tissue sections is a widely used technique for the biomarker screening in complex diseases such as cancer to define biomarker expression on tumor cells and its distribution on a defined tissue.
The biological importance of glycans in several cell functions range from cell-matrix interactions to organ structure support and from pathogen-host interaction to organism immune regulation.
Reverse Phase Protein Arrays (RPPA), also named cell lysate arrays, have been shown to be a useful tool for biomarker evaluation in large patient cohorts.
Genes are transcribed into messenger RNAs which represent the dynamic and biologic state of a cell at a given time. Using DNA microarrays, it is possible to identify mRNAs present in a sample and quantify their levels
Protein arrays are widely used in labs in order to study protein functions and interactions involved in different cell processes. For example, kinase arrays allow the study of the activity of protein kinase.